Effect of Anxiety, Hope, and Social Support on Quality of Life of Cancer Patient Undergoing Chemotherapy

Muhmmed, Safa Ibrahim; Hassan, Mona Abd El-Sabour; El-said, Sohier Goda; Mohammed, Magda Aly

doi:10.21608/pssjn.2024.310207.1322

Effect of Anxiety, Hope, and Social Support on Quality of Life of Cancer Patient Undergoing Chemotherapy

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

¹ faculty of nursing port said university

² Assistant Professor of Family and Community Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Port Said University, Port Said City

³ Assist Prof. of Psychiatric Nursing and Mental Health -Faculty of Nursing - Port Said University

10.21608/pssjn.2024.310207.1322

Abstract

Background: A cancer diagnosis has a significant impact and consequences for the patient and family. Cancer patients can develop a sense of hopelessness when distress becomes overwhelming and social support may be protective against hopelessness. Furthermore, among cancer survivors, optimism and hope have been linked to better adjustment and growth. Aim: The present study aimed to assess effect of anxiety, hope, and social support on quality of life of cancer patient undergoing chemotherapy. Subjects and Method: Design: Descriptive cross-sectional design was used. Setting: the study conducted in Oncology center in outpatients’ clinics in Mogamaa-Elshefaa Hospital in Port Said city. Subjects: included a purposive sample of 155 cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy were included in the study. Tools: four tools used for data collection consisted of; The Hospital anxiety and depression scale, Adult Hope Scale, Multidimensional Perceived Social Support Scale, and WHO Quality of life scale (WHOQOL-BREF). The Results: 91% of the studied patients had high level of anxiety, 67.7% of cancer patients had high hope level. Also, 98.7% of them had high perceived social support levels, 85.8% had moderate level of QOL. Ther was statistically significant relation between level of anxiety, hope, and perceived QOL among cancer patients. Conclusion: Anxiety had a negative effect on QOL of cancer patients, while social support and hope had positive effect on them. Recommendations: Further research is necessary to design and implement educational programs for cancer patients and nurses regarding strategies of enhancing anxiety and its effect on cancer patients’ levels of hope and QOL.

Keywords

Main Subjects

Community Health Nursing

References

Abdelaziz, S. H., Abdo, O. I., Abdalgeleel, S. A., & Mahmoud, H. E. (2022). Relationship Between Fear, Anxiety and Chemotherapy Adherence among Patients Having Breast Cancer During COVID-19. Menoufia Nursing Journal, 7(2), 293-303.

Alali, T. (2017). Psychometric properties of the Arabic version of adult hope scale. European Psychiatry, 41(S1), s793-s793.

Amini, F., Raeisi, F., Tabari, F., Rasoolzadeh, N., & Molaei, S. (2020). Prediction of hope based on forgiveness and religious beliefs among leukemia patients. Health Education and Health Promotion, 8(1), 31-35.

Corovic, S., Vucic, V., Mihaljevic, O., Djordjevic, J., Colovic, S., Radovanovic, S., ... & Milovanovic, O. (2023). Social support score in patients with malignant diseases—with sociodemographic and medical characteristics. Frontiers in Psychology, 14, 1-9.

Cho, O. H., & Hwang, K. H. (2021). Association between sleep quality, anxiety and depression among Korean breast cancer survivors. Nursing Open, 8(3), 1030-1037.

Costa, D. T., Silva, D. M. R. D., Cavalcanti, I. D. L., Gomes, E. T., Vasconcelos, J. L. D. A., & Carvalho, M. V. G. D. (2019). Religious/spiritual coping and level of hope in patients with cancer in chemotherapy. Revista brasileira de enfermagem, 72, 640-645.

Daré, L. O., Bruand, P. E., Gérard, D., Marin, B., Lameyre, V., Boumédiène, F., & Preux, P. M. (2019). Co-morbidities of mental disorders and chronic physical diseases in developing and emerging countries: a meta-analysis. BMC public health, 19, 1-12.

Ferlay, J., Ervik, M., Lam, F., Laversanne, M., Colombet, M., Mery, L., Piñeros, M., Znaor, A., Soerjomataram, I., Bray, F. (2024). Global cancer statistics 2022: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today. Accessed at 2 March 2024.

Goldzweig, G., Baider, L., Jacobs, J. M., Ghrayeb, I. M., Sapir, E., & Rottenberg, Y. (2022). Depression, hope and social support among older people with cancer: a comparison of Muslim Palestinian and Jewish Israeli cancer patients. Supportive Care in Cancer, 1-9.

Hajj, A., Hachem, R., Khoury, R., Hallit, S., ElJEBBAWI, B., Nasr, F., ... & Rabbaa Khabbaz, L. (2021). Clinical and genetic factors associated with anxiety and depression in breast cancer patients: a cross-sectional study. BMC cancer, 21, 1-11.

Hassani, S. F., Tizdast, T., & Zarbakhsh, M. R. (2021). The Role of Self-Compassion and Hope in the Relationship Among Psychological Well-Being and Maladaptive Schemas, Resilience and Social Support in Women With Multiple Sclerosis. Journal of client-centered nursing care, 7(3), 0-0.

Kadambi, S., Soto-Perez-de-Celis, E., Garg, T., Loh, K. P., Krok-Schoen, J. L., Battisti, N. M. L., ... & Hsu, T. (2020). Social support for older adults with cancer: Young International Society of Geriatric Oncology review paper. Journal of geriatric oncology, 11(2), 217-224.‏

Kim, K., & Park, H. (2021). Factors affecting anxiety and depression in young breast cancer survivors undergoing radiotherapy. European Journal of Oncology Nursing, 50)10(, 1-8.

Kugbey, N., Oppong Asante, K., & Meyer-Weitz, A. (2020). Depression, anxiety and quality of life among women living with breast cancer in Ghana: mediating roles of social support and religiosity. Supportive Care in Cancer, 28, 2581-2588.

Kyriazidou, E., Alevizopoulos, N., Dokutsidou, E., Kavga, A., Kalemikerakis, I., Konstantinidis, T., & Govina, O. (2022). Health-related quality of life and social support of elderly lung and gastrointestinal cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. SAGE Open Nursing, 8(2), 1-9.

Li, Y., Ni, N., Zhou, Z., Dong, J., Fu, Y., Li, J., ... & Peng, X. (2021). Hope and symptom burden of women with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy: A cross‐sectional study. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 30(15), 1-10.

Merhi, R., Kazarian, R. M. S. (2012). Validation of the Arabic translation of the Multidensional Scale of Social Support (Arabic MSPSS) in a Lebanese community sample. Arab J Psychiatry, 23, 159-68.

Nierop‐van Baalen, C., Grypdonck, M., Van Hecke, A., & Verhaeghe, S. (2020). Associated factors of hope in cancer patients during treatment: A systematic literature review. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 76(7), 1520-1537.‏

Oppegaard, K., Harris, C. S., Shin, J., Paul, S. M., Cooper, B. A., Levine, J. D., & Miaskowski, C. (2021). Anxiety profiles are associated with stress, resilience and symptom severity in outpatients receiving chemotherapy. Supportive Care in Cancer, 29(12), 7825-7836.

Sayılan, A. A., & Doğan, M. D. (2020). Illness perception, perceived social support and quality of life in patients with diagnosis of cancer. European Journal of Cancer Care, 29(4), 1-7, e13252. https://doi.org/10.1111/ecc.13252.

Scandurra, C., Muzii, B., La Rocca, R., Di Bello, F., Bottone, M., Califano, G., ... & Mangiapia, F. (2022). Social support mediates the relationship between body image distress and depressive symptoms in prostate cancer patients. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(8), 4825.

Seiler, A., & Jenewein, J. (2019). Resilience in cancer patients. Frontiers in psychiatry, 10(2), 1-8.‏

Sharif, S. P., Lehto, R. H., Amiri, M., Ahadzadeh, A. S., Nia, H. S., Haghdoost, A. A., & Goudarzian, A. H. (2021). Spirituality and quality of life in women with breast cancer: The role of hope and educational attainment. Palliative & supportive care, 19(1), 55-61.

Sharma, P., Pachynski, R. K., Narayan, V., Fléchon, A., Gravis, G., Galsky, M. D., ... & Fizazi, K. (2020). Nivolumab plus ipilimumab for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: preliminary analysis of patients in the CheckMate 650 trial. Cancer cell, 38(4), 489-499.

Snyder, C. R., Harris, C., Anderson, J. R., Holleran, S. A., Irving, L. M., Sigmon, S. T., ... & Harney, P. (1991). The will and the ways: development and validation of an individual-differences measure of hope. Journal of personality and social psychology, 60(4), 570.

Tao, Y., Yu, H., Liu, S., Wang, C., Yan, M., Sun, L., ... & Zhang, L. (2022). Hope and depression: the mediating role of social support and spiritual coping in advanced cancer patients. BMC psychiatry, 22(1), 345.

Terkawi, A. S., Tsang, S., AlKahtani, G. J., Al-Mousa, S. H., Al Musaed, S., AlZoraigi, U. S., ... & Altirkawi, K. A. (2017). Development and validation of Arabic version of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Saudi journal of anaesthesia, 11(5), 11.

Vahedi, S. (2010). World Health Organization Quality-of-Life Scale (WHOQOL-BREF): analyses of their item response theory properties based on the graded responses model. Iranian journal of psychiatry, 5(4), 140.

Wen, Q., Jiao, M., Wang, H., & Hu, Y. (2021). The Multiple Mediating Effects of Perceived Social Support and Spiritual Well-being on the Relationship Between Spiritual Needs and Quality of Life Among Patients With Advanced Cancer.

WHO. (2010). Pecentage of cancer deaths worldwide in 2020, by type of cancer. WHO; International Agency for Research on Cancer. https://www-statistacom.ezproxy2.utwente.nl/statistics/288796/cancer-mortality-worldwide-by-typepercentage/. Accessed at 30 May 2023.

Zhang, Y., Cui, C., Wang, Y., & Wang, L. (2020). Effects of stigma, hope and social support on quality of life among Chinese patients diagnosed with oral cancer: a cross-sectional study. Health and quality of life outcomes, 18, 1-8.

Zhao, X., Sun, M., & Yang, Y. (2021). Effects of social support, hope and resilience on depressive symptoms within 18 months after diagnosis of prostate cancer. Health and quality of life outcomes, 19, 1-10.

Zhao, M., Jiang, Y., Xu, G., & Lin, X. (2022). The Mediating Effect of Hope Level Between Social Support and Benefit Finding in Patients With Advanced Lung Cancer. Cancer Nursing, 10-1097.

Zhu, W., Gao, J., Guo, J., Wang, L., & Li, W. (2023). Anxiety, depression, and sleep quality among breast cancer patients in North China: mediating roles of hope and medical social support. Supportive Care in Cancer, 31(9), 514.

Zigmond, A. S., & Snaith, R. P. (1983). The hospital anxiety and depression scale. Acta psychiatrica scandinavica, 67(6), 361-370.

Zimet, G. D., Powell, S. S., Farley, G. K., Werkman, S., & Berkoff, K. A. (1990). Psychometric characteristics of the multidimensional scale of perceived social support. Journal of personality assessment, 55(3-4), 610-617.