Relation between Positive Thinking and Psychological Adjustment among Psychiatric Patients’ Caregivers

Hafez, Nahed Hafez; Mahmoud, Amal Sobhy; Berma, Abeer El-Sayed

doi:10.21608/pssjn.2024.299661.1312

Relation between Positive Thinking and Psychological Adjustment among Psychiatric Patients’ Caregivers

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

¹ Psychiatric Nursing and Mental Health Department, Faculty of Nursing - Port Said University, Port Said, Egypt

² Psychiatric Nursing and Mental Health Department, Faculty of Nursing ,port said university .port said , Egypt

³ Mental and Psychiatric Nursing Department , Faculty of Nursing , Port-said University,Port-said, Egypt.

10.21608/pssjn.2024.299661.1312

Abstract

Background: Psychiatric disorders are becoming a serious public health concern. Long term caregiving responsibilities to psychiatric patients can decrease resources of the families, energy, making them fatigued and more vulnerable to adverse emotions as a feeling of hopeless or, depression, despair and a notable decline in in their psychological adjustment. The present study aims to investigate the relation between positive thinking and psychological adjustment among psychiatric patients’ caregivers. Design: A descriptive correlational research design was utilized. Setting: The study was conducted in the psychiatric outpatient clinic at Port Said Psychiatric Health Hospital and Addiction Treatment. Subjects: A purposive sample of 66 psychiatric patients’ caregivers. Tools: Two tools were used for data collection: Tool I: The Positive Thinking Scale, Tool II: The Psychological Adjustment Scale, in addition to the Personal and Clinical Data Sheet of the studied psychiatric patients’ caregivers. The Results: The majority of the studied psychiatric patients’ caregivers had a lower degree of positive thinking, as well as, a low level of psychological adjustment. Conclusion: There was a highly statistically ‎significant positive correlation between the total score of positive thinking and the total score of psychological adjustment among psychiatric patients' caregivers. Recommendations: The study recommended that providing ongoing support and adequate guidance, such as support groups or counseling services, can help the family caregivers to maintain a positive mindset and cope with the challenges they face. As well as, application of positive thinking skills training program to enhance the psychological adjustment among psychiatric patients' caregivers.

Keywords

Main Subjects

Psychiatric Nursing and Mental Health

References

Abedi, Z., Alavi, M., Ghazavi, Z., Visentin, D., & Cleary, M. (2020). Improving coping styles in family caregivers of psychiatric inpatients using planned behavior problem-solving training. Journal of Nursing Research, 28(1), 70-82.‏

Arslan, G., Yıldırım, M., & Zangeneh, M. (2022). Coronavirus anxiety and psychological adjustment in college students: Exploring the role of college belongingness and social media addiction. International journal of mental health and addiction, 20(6),1-14.‏

Ayoub, S. (2019). Positive thinking and its relationship to the level of happiness among university students: An applied study on Al-Furqan Islamic University and Islamic Africa (Doctoral dissertation, International University of Africa).

Barakat, A., & Ibrahim, Z. (2020). Psycho-educational Intervention: Its effect on the psychological distress and optimism among family caregivers of patients with bipolar disorder. Egyptian Journal of Health Care, 11(4), 1106-1118.‏

Bekhet, A., & Garnier-Villarreal, M. (2020). Effects of positive thinking on caregivers’ burden and care-recipients’ behavioral problems. Western Journal of Nursing Research, 42(5), 365-372.‏

Boritz, T., Sheikhan, N., Hawke, L., McMain, S., & Henderson, J. (2021). Evaluating the effectiveness of the family connections program for caregivers of youth with mental health challenges, part I: A quantitative analysis. Health Expectations, 24(2), 578-588.‏

Dattani, S., Ritchie, H., & Roser, M. (2021). Mental health, Published online at Our World In Data. org.‏ Retrieved from: https://ourworldindata.org/mental-health

Ebrahim, O., Al-Attar, G., Gabra, R., & Osman, D. (2020). Stigma and burden of mental illness and their correlates among family caregivers of mentally ill patients. Journal of the Egyptian Public Health Association, 95(1), 1-9.‏

Esmaeili, A., Saeidi, A., Mohammadi, Y., & Raeisoon, M. (2022). The effect of group psychological training on the attitude of family caregivers of patients with schizophrenia. Heliyon, 8(7),1-4.‏

Fateel, M. (2019). The impact of psychological adjustment on private university students' academic achievement: Case study. International Journal of Higher Education, 8 (6), 184-191.‏

Griva, K., Chia, J., Goh, Z., Wong, Y., Loei, J., Thach, T., ... & Khan, B. (2021). Effectiveness of a brief positive skills intervention to improve psychological adjustment in patients with end-stage kidney disease newly initiated on hemodialysis: protocol for a randomized controlled trial (HED-Start). BMJ open, 11(9), 53-88.‏

Gurtovenko, K., Fladeboe, K., Galtieri, L., King, K., Friedman, D., Compas, B., .. & Katz, L. (2021). Stress and psychological adjustment in caregivers of children with cancer. Health Psychology, 40(5), 295-309.‏

James, R., & Tungol, J. (2021). Aggravating factors and adverse impacts of subjective burden of family caregivers of schizophrenia patients. Indian Journal of Health and Wellbeing, 12(4), 413-416.‏

Jiang, Y., Yin, F., Lv, Z., Hou, H., Yang, B., Liu, Q., & Wang, X. (2024). Effect of the caregivers-to-caregivers training program on informed caregivers of persons with mental disorders: A pilot study. International Journal of Social Psychiatry, 70(2), 289-297.‏

Megahed, M., Goda, S., & Hamza, H.(2020). The burden of caregiving, submissive behaviors and depressive symptoms among caregivers of psychiatric patients, unpublished Master thesis, Faculty of Nursing, Port Said University.

Na’imah, T., Dwiyanti, R., Sriyanto S., & Ismail, F. (2023). Development of a positive thinking measuring tool for young Indonesian muslims. International Journal of Islamic Educational Psychology, 4(1), 17-32.

Noori, L., & Ebrahim, S. (2020). Family caregivers burden and coping strategies for patient with mental ill patient in Mosul City. Mosul Journal of Nursing, 8(2), 215-224.‏

Nwonu-Ezeanya, I., Obi-Nwosu, H. (2021). Burden of care, perceived social support and emotional intelligence as correlates of psychological health among caregivers of mentally ill patients. American Journal of Psychology, 3(1), 56-70.

Rahmani, F., Roshangar, F., Gholizadeh, L., & Asghari, E. (2022). Caregiver burden and the associated factors in the family caregivers of patients with schizophrenia. Nursing Open, 9(4), 1995-2002.‏

Sabouri, F., Rambod, M., & Khademian, Z. (2023). The effect of positive thinking training on hope and adherence to treatment in hemodialysis patients: A randomized controlled trial. BMC psychology, 11(1), 1-8.‏

Sari, A., & Duman, Z. (2022). Effects of the family support and psycho-education program based on the Calgary Family Intervention Model on the coping, psychological distress and psychological resilience levels of the family caregivers of chronic psychiatric patients. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing, 41(1), 1-10.‏

Sari, E. (1986). Educational studies, World Books Cairo, 2 (5),162-163.

Sebaie, S., Aziz, M., & Atia, S. (2024). Positive thinking, resourcefulness skills, and future anxiety among the caregivers of children with intellectual disability: an intervention study. Middle East Current Psychiatry, 31(1), 1-13.‏

Shweta, R. (2021). A study to assess positive thinking and social, emotional, academic adjustment among nursing students studying in a selected college of nursing Ludhiana, Punjab. International Journal of Applied Research, 7(12): 201-209.

Stanley, N., Chinedu, N., Ada, O., & Aguiyi, C. (2022). Psychological adjustment among family caregivers of patients with mental disorders in Federal Neuropsychiatric Hospitals in Nigeria. Clinical Research, 3(1), 1-12.‏

Taherkhani, Z., Kaveh, M., Mani, A., Ghahremani, L., & Khademi, K. (2023). The effect of positive thinking on resilience and life satisfaction of older adults: A randomized controlled trial. Scientific Reports, 13(1), 3478.‏

Valero‐Moreno, S., Montoya‐Castilla, I., & Pérez‐Marín, M. (2024). Study of the emotional adjustment of the caregiver-patient dyad to bronchial asthma in adolescence. International Journal of Nursing Practice, 30(1), 131-153.‏