Abbasi, M., Bagheri, K., Jafari, Z., Jafari Moghadam, S., & Daemi Juybari, S. (2023). The Effectiveness of Group Mindfulness Training on Psychological Flexibility and Perceived Stress in Adolescents of Divorce. Health Nexus, 1(4), 99-106.
https://doi.org/10.61838/kman.hn.1.4.12
Alan, K., Frederick, S., Barrett, A., & Roland, R. (2020). Griffiths, Psychological flexibility mediates the relations between acute psychedelic effects and subjective decreases in depression and anxiety, Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science, Volume 15, 2020, Pages 39-45, ISSN 2212-1447,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcbs.2019.11.004.
Al-Ghabeesh, S. H. (2022). Coping strategies, social support, and mindfulness improve the psychological well-being of Jordanian burn survivors: a descriptive correlational study. Burns, 48(1), 236-243.
Andorfer, A., Kraler, S., Kaufmann, P., Pollheimer, E., Spah, C., Fuchshuber, J., ... & Unterrainer, H. F. (2023). Psychophysiological stress response after a 6-week Mindful Self-Compassion training in psychiatric rehabilitation inpatients: a randomized post-test only study. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 14, 1098122.
Atakoğlu, A. G., & Kendirkıran, G. (2024). The Effect of Mindfulness Level on Stress Perception in Caregivers of People with Schizophrenia. İstanbul Gelişim Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 24, 1118–1129. https://doi.org/10.38079/igusabder.1389648
Atia, M., &Sallam, L. (2020). The Effectiveness of Mindfulness Training Techniques on Stress, Anxiety, and Depression of Depressed Patient. American Journal of Nursing Research. 2020, 8(1), 103-113. DOI: 10.12691/ajnr-8-1-11. Received November 02, 2019; Revised December 21, 2019; Accepted December 29, 2019
Böge, K., Hallford, D. J., & Pillny, M. (2023). Mindfulness, Psychological Flexibility and Psychopathology in Persons with Schizophrenia-Spectrum-Disorders and Healthy Controls – A Multicenter Cross-sectional Study. Psychiatry Research-Neuroimaging. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115591
Bond, F. W., Hayes, S. C., Baer, R. A., Carpenter, K. M., Guenole, N., Orcutt, H. K., Waltz, T., & Zettle, R. D. (2011). Preliminary psychometric properties of the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire – II: A revised measure of psychological inflexibility and experiential avoidance. Behavior Therapy, 42, 676–688.
Brown, K.W. & Ryan, R.M. (2003). The benefits of being present: Mindfulness and its role in psychological well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84, 822-848.
Brown, M. M., Arigo, D., Wolever, R. Q., Smoski, M. J., Hall, M. H., Brantley, J. G., & Greeson, J. M. (2021). Do gender, anxiety, or sleep quality predict mindfulness-based stress reduction outcomes?. Journal of health psychology, 26(13), 2656-2662.
Carlson, L.E. & Brown, K.W. (2005). Validation of the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale in a cancer population. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 58, 29-33.
Chien, W. T., Chow, K. M., Chong, Y. Y., Bressington, D., Choi, K. C., & Chan, C. W. H. (2020). The role of five facets of mindfulness in a mindfulness-based psychoeducation intervention for people with recent-onset psychosis on mental and psychosocial health outcomes. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 11, 177.
Cohen S, Kamarck T, Mermelstein R. (1983). A global measure of perceived stress. J Health Soc Behav. 1983;24:385–396.
Cohen, S., & Janicki-Deverts, D. (2012). Who’s stressed? Distributions of psychological stress in the United States in probability samples from 1983, 2006, and 20091. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 42(6), 1320–1334.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-1816.2012.00900.x
Cohen, S., & Williamson, G. (1988). Perceived stress in a probability sample of the United States. In S. Spacapan & S. Oskamp (Eds.), The social psychology of health: Claremont Symposium on applied social psychology. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
Colgan, D. D., Klee, D., Memmott, T., Proulx, J., & Oken, B. (2019). Perceived stress mediates the relationship between mindfulness and negative affect variability: A randomized controlled trial among middle-aged to older adults. Stress and health : journal of the International Society for the Investigation of Stress, 35(1), 89–97. https://doi.org/10.1002/smi.2845
Cyniak-Cieciura M. (2021). Psychological flexibility, temperament, and perceived stress. Current issues in personality psychology, 9(4), 306–315. https://doi.org/10.5114/cipp.2021.108685
Ebeid, I. A., Nosier, H. M., & Berma, A. E. (2022). Effect of a brief mindfulness-based intervention on emotional regulation and mindfulness levels in patients with a schizophrenia spectrum disorder. Assiut Scientific Nursing Journal, 10(30), 75-85.
García-Fernández, M., Fuentes-Sánchez, N., Escrig, M. A., Eerola, T., & Pastor, M. C. (2025). Gender, emotion regulation, and cognitive flexibility as predictors of depression, anxiety, and affect in healthy adults. Current Psychology, 1-10.
Gloster, A. T., Meyer, A. H., & Lieb, R. (2017). Psychological flexibility as a malleable public health target: Evidence from a representative sample. Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science, 6, 166–171. 10.1016/j.jcbs.2017.02.003 [
DOI] [
Google Scholar]
Goldberg, B., Tucker, P., Greene, A., Davidson, J., Wampold, E., Kearney, J., & Simpson, L. (2018). Mindfulness-based interventions for psychiatric disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clinical psychology review, 59, 52–60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2017.10.011
González-Menéndez, A., Arboleya Faedo, T., González-Pando, D., Ordoñez-Camblor, N., García-Vega, E., & Paino, M. (2021). Psychological Inflexibility in People with Chronic Psychosis: The Mediating Role of Self-Stigma and Social Functioning. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(23), 12376. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182312376
Hahne, I., Segerer, J., Zierhut, M., Bergmann, N., Ta, T. M. T., Hahn, E., & Böge, K. (2024). The Relationship between Mindfulness, Psychological Flexibility, and Symptom Severity in Persons with Schizophrenia-Spectrum-Disorders – a Cross-Sectional Study. https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4313238/v1
Hayes, S. C., Strosahl, K. D., Wilson, K. G., Bissett, R. T., Pistorello, J., Toarmino, D., Polusny, M., A., Dykstra, T. A., Batten, S. V., Bergan, J., Stewart, S. H., Zvolensky, M. J., Eifert, G. H., Bond, F. W., Forsyth J. P., Karekla, M., & McCurry, S. M. (2004). Measuring experiential avoidance: A preliminary test of a working model. The Psychological Record, 54, 553-578.
Hayes, S., Luoma, J., Bond, F., Masuda, A., &Lillis, J. (2006). Acceptance and Commitment Therapy: Model, processes and outcomes. Behav Res Ther. 44:1–25. doi: 10.1016/j.brat.2005.06.006
Hayes. (2019). Acceptance and commitment therapy: Towards a unified model of behavior change World Psychiatry: Official Journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA), 18 (2) (2019), pp. 226 227,
10.1002/wps.20626
Hernández-López M, Cepeda-Benito A, Díaz-Pavón P, Rodríguez-Valverde M. (2021). Psychological inflexibility and mental health symptoms during the COVID-19 lockdown in Spain: A longitudinal study,Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science,V 19, 42-49, ISSN 2212-1447.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcbs.2020.12.002.
Huang, F., Chen, W. T., Shiu, C. S., Lin, S. H., San Tun, M., Nwe, T. W., ... & Oo, H. N. (2022). The mediating effects of mindfulness on perceived stress from HIV stigma in people living with HIV in Myanmar: A Cross-sectional Study. Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care, 33(5), 559-566.
Huh, H. J., Kim, K. H., Lee, H. K., Jeong, B. R., Hwang, J. H., & Chae, J. H. (2021). Perceived Stress, Positive Resources and Their Interactions as Possible Related Factors for Depressive Symptoms. Psychiatry investigation, 18(1), 59–68. https://doi.org/10.30773/pi.2020.0208
Ibrahim H Sh, Alhulaibi A H, Alawadh R A, Alanzi A J. (2023). Perceived Stress and Internalized Stigma among Patients with Mental Disorders in Al Ahsa Governorate – Saudi Arabia. International Journal of Africa Nursing Sciences, V 18, 100517, ISSN 2214-1391, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijans.2022.100517.
Ji, C. F., Wu, G. H., Du, X. D., Wang, G. X., Liu, L. L., Niu, M. E., ... & Kong, F. Z. (2023). Factors that contribute to trait mindfulness level among hospitalized patients with major depressive disorder. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 14, 1144989.
Jon Go Jin-kyung , Kim Ji-young. (2023) study Effects of Mindfulness-based Stress Reduction Program on Perceived Stress, Internalized Stigma, and Psychological Well-being in Psychiatric Inpatients. J Korean Acad Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs. 2023;32(3):259-269. Published online September 27, 2023 DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12934/jkpmhn.2023.32.3.259
Kabat-Zinn J (2002). Commentary on Majumdar et al.: Mindfulness meditation for health. The Journal of Alternative & Complementary Medicine, 8(6), 731–735. 10.1089/10755530260511739 [
DOI] [
PubMed] [
Google Scholar][
Ref list]
Kabat-Zinn, J. (1990). Full catastrophe living: Using the wisdom of your body and mind to face stress, pain and illness. New York, NY: Delacorte
Kabat-Zinn, J. (1990). Full catastrophe living: Using the wisdom of your body and mind to face stress, pain and illness. Delacourt.
Kang, S. S., Sponheim, S. R., & Lim, K. O. (2022). Interoception underlies therapeutic effects of mindfulness meditation for posttraumatic stress disorder: a randomized clinical trial. Biological Psychiatry: Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, 7(8), 793-804.
Kaplan S, Gençarslan D. (2024). The effects of mindfulness-based psychoeducation program on the perceived stress levels and emotion regulation strategies of patients diagnosed with bipolar disorder. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing, Volume 52, Pages 167-174.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apnu.2024.07.020.
Karo, M., Simorangkir, L., Daryanti Saragih, I., Suarilah, I., & Tzeng, H. M. (2024). Effects of mindfulness‐based interventions on reducing psychological distress among nurses: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials. Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 56(2), 319-330.
Kim JS. (2021). A study on the status of healing and the basis of nikaya of mindfulness used in MBSR. Journal of Eastern-Asia Buddhism & Culture. 2021;(46): 469-499.https://doi.org/10.21718/EABC.2021.46.15
Kim, A. S., Jang, M. H., & Sun, M. J. (2021). Effects of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) on Stress, Heart Rate Variability, Affect, and Wellbeing among People with Schizophrenia. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(22), 11871.
Ko, J. K., & Kim, J. Y. (2023). Effects of mindfulness-based stress reduction program on perceived stress, internalized stigma, and psychological well-being in psychiatric inpatients. Journal of Korean Academy of psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, 32(3), 259-269.
Lam AHY, Leung SF, Lin JJ, Chien WT. (2020). The Effectiveness of a Mindfulness-Based Psychoeducation Programme for Emotional Regulation in Individuals with Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders: A Pilot Randomised Controlled Trial. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2020 Mar 12;16:729-747. doi: 10.2147/NDT.S231877. PMID: 32210567; PMCID: PMC7075335.
Liu, YL., Lee, CH. & Wu, LM. A. (2024). mindfulness-based intervention improves perceived stress and mindfulness in university nursing students: a quasi-experimental study. Sci Rep 14, 13220 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-64183-5
MacDougall, A. G., Wiener, J. C., Puka, K., Price, E., Oyewole-Eletu, O., Gardizi, E., ... & Norman, R. M. (2024). Effectiveness of a mindfulness-based intervention for persons with early psychosis: A multi-site randomized controlled trial. Schizophrenia Research, 264, 502-510.
Marais, G. A. B., Lantheaume, S., Fiault, R., & Shankland, R. (2020). Mindfulness-based programs improve psychological flexibility, mental health, well-being and time management in academics. European Journal of Investigation in Health, Psychology and Education, 10(4), 1035–1050.
Mugrabi, F., Rozner, L., Peles, E., & Peles, E. (2020). The mindfulness trait and high perceived stress changes during treatment in patients with psychiatric disorders. Current Psychology, 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1007/S12144-020-01108-1
Østergaard, T., Lundgren, T., Zettle, R. D., Landrø, N. I., & Haaland, V. Ø. (2020). Psychological flexibility in depression relapse prevention: processes of change and positive mental health in group-based ACT for residual symptoms. Frontiers in psychology, 11, 528.
Richard T, Ahmed A. Moustafa. (2021). Psychological distress, social support, and psychological flexibility during COVID-19. Mental Health Effects of COVID-19. Academic Press, Chapter 5 - Pages 89-101. ISBN 9780128242896.
https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-824289-6.00012-X.
Rutschmann, R., Romanczuk-Seiferth, N, Gloster, A., & Richter, C. (2024) Increasing psychological flexibility is associated with positive therapy outcomes following a transdiagnostic ACT treatment. Front. Psychiatry 15:1403718. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1403718
Shapiro, S. L., Schwartz, G. E., & Bonner, G. (1998). Effects of mindfulness-based stressreduction on medical and premedical students. ournal of behavioral medicine, 21, 581-599.
https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1018700829825
Shoib, S., Das, S., Gupta, A.K. et al. Perceived stress, quality of life, and coping skills among patients with schizophrenia in symptomatic remission. Middle East Curr Psychiatry 28, 70 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1186/s43045-021-00153-1
Spijkerman, M., Pots, W., Bohlmeijer, E. (2016). Effectiveness of online mindfulness-based interventions in improving mental health: A review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Clin Psychol Rev. 2016 Apr;45:102-14. doi: 10.1016/j.cpr.2016.03.009. Epub 2016 Apr 1. PMID: 27111302.
Stotts, A.L., Villarreal, Y.R., Klawans, M.R. et al. (2019). Psychological Flexibility and Depression in New Mothers of Medically Vulnerable Infants: A Mediational Analysis.
Matern Child Health J 23, 821–829 (2019).
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10995-018-02699-9.
Tan, K. P., Ang, J. K., Koh, E. B. Y., Pang, N. T. P., & Mat Saher, Z. (2023). Relationship of psychological flexibility and mindfulness to caregiver burden, and depressive and anxiety symptoms in caregivers of people with dementia. International journal of environmental research and public health, 20(5), 4232.
Thoma, M. V., Bernays, F., Eising, C. M., Pfluger, V., & Rohner, S. L. (2021). Health, stress, and well-being in Swiss adult survivors of child welfare practices and child labor: Investigating the mediating role of socio-economic factors. Child Abuse & Neglect, 111, 104769. 10.1016/j.chiabu.2020.104769 [
DOI] [
PubMed] [
Google Scholar]
Wang, J., Fang, S., Yang, C., Tang, X., Zhu, L., & Nie, Y. (2023). The relationship between psychological flexibility and depression, anxiety and stress: A latent profile analysis. Psychology research and behavior management, 997-1007.
Wersebe H, Lieb R, Andrea H. Meyer, Hofer P, Gloster A. (2018). The link between stress, well-being, and psychological flexibility during an Acceptance and Commitment Therapy self-help intervention. International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology, Vol. 18. Núm. 1. DOI:
10.1016/j.ijchp.2017.09.002
Yasinski, C., Hayes, A. M., Ready, C. B., Abel, A., Görg, N., & Kuyken, W. (2020). Processes of change in cognitive behavioral therapy for treatment-resistant depression: psychological flexibility, rumination, avoidance, and emotional processing. Psychotherapy Research, 30(8), 983-997.
Zhang D, Lee EKP, Mak ECW, Ho CY, Wong SYS. (2021). Mindfulness-based interventions: an overall review. British Medical Bulletin. 2021;138(1):41-57.
https://doi.org/10.1093/bmb/ldab005